Grade 6 · Teacher reference
Cheat sheets
One card per subject. Print double-sided, trim, and laminate for tabletop reference.
Ratios & rates
- ·Ratio a:b means "for every a, there are b"
- ·Unit rate = quantity per 1 unit (divide both sides)
- ·Equivalent ratios: multiply or divide both by same number
Fraction division
- ·Keep · Change · Flip (KCF): a/b ÷ c/d = a/b × d/c
- ·Always simplify before multiplying
- ·Check: answer should make sense (÷ by <1 → bigger result)
GCF & LCM
- ·GCF: largest number that divides both — list factors
- ·LCM: smallest number both divide into — list multiples
- ·Use prime factorization for large numbers
Order of operations
- ·PEMDAS: Parentheses · Exponents · ×÷ · +−
Equations
- ·Do the same thing to both sides
- ·Inverse operations: +/−, ×/÷
- ·Check by substituting your answer back in
Argument writing — paragraph frame
- ·Claim: I believe ____ because ____.
- ·Evidence: According to the text, ____.
- ·Reasoning: This matters because ____.
- ·Counterclaim: Some might say ____, but ____.
Citing evidence sentence starters
- ·"The author states…"
- ·"On page __, it says…"
- ·"This shows that…"
- ·"For example…"
Summarizing (SWBST)
- ·Somebody · Wanted · But · So · Then
- ·Aim for 3–5 sentences
- ·Use your own words, not the author's
Grammar quick-check
- ·Subject + verb must agree in number
- ·Commas for pauses, lists, and after intro phrases
- ·Capitalize proper nouns and the first word of a sentence
Scientific method
- ·1. Ask a question
- ·2. Form a hypothesis (if…then…because…)
- ·3. Design and run the experiment
- ·4. Observe and record data
- ·5. Draw a conclusion — did data support the hypothesis?
Body systems
- ·Cells → Tissues → Organs → Systems → Organism
- ·Major systems: digestive, respiratory, circulatory, nervous, muscular, skeletal
- ·Systems work together (e.g. lungs + heart deliver oxygen)
Lab notebook entries
- ·Date and title every entry
- ·Sketch the setup
- ·Record raw observations BEFORE conclusions
- ·Note any sources of error
Vocabulary anchors
- ·Hypothesis: a testable prediction
- ·Variable: what changes between trials
- ·Control: what stays the same
- ·Data: information you collect
Quick reference
Social Studies
Civilization checklist (the 5 markers)
- ·1. Cities and population centers
- ·2. Government and laws
- ·3. Writing system
- ·4. Specialized jobs
- ·5. Organized religion or shared belief system
Primary vs. secondary sources
- ·Primary: created at the time (artifact, diary, photo)
- ·Secondary: written later about the event (textbook, article)
- ·Ask: who made this, when, and why?
Map skills
- ·Always check: title, key/legend, scale, compass rose
- ·Latitude lines run east–west
- ·Longitude lines run north–south
Discussion sentence starters
- ·"This reminds me of…"
- ·"I have a question about…"
- ·"I respectfully disagree because…"
- ·"Building on what you said…"